With more than a 30-year history of development, the ultracapacitor is not a new technology, but its utilization as a means for storing and delivering power is growing in several key application areas. The most popular application today for ultracapacitor modules in the transportation market is for use in stop-start vehicles. The stop-start market is experiencing rapid growth in Europe due to tightening emissions reductions requirements for vehicles with diesel engines. Ultracapacitors have been tested in pilot projects in electric buses and fuel cell vehicles, but they are not being used in great numbers commercially in other transportation market segments. Early-stage applications for ultracapacitors also include grid-scale energy storage and wind turbines.

Ultracapacitors’ greatest advantages over their primary competition (batteries) are superior cycle life and power density. However, ultracapacitors are viewed as too expensive for most energy storage applications and the technology is commonly viewed as not sufficiently mature for transportation applications. Advances in technology and cost reductions in the cost of ultracapacitors have not kept pace with lithium ion batteries primarily because of much smaller investments in research and development and manufacturing. Researchers are developing hybrid ultracapacitors that include components from batteries in efforts to greatly enhance the devices’ energy density.

This Pike Research report provides a comprehensive assessment of ultracapacitors in key application areas including stop-start vehicles, hybrid and fuel cell vehicles, and utility grid applications including ancillary services for energy storage. The study includes an examination of technology and market issues, profiles of key industry players in the emerging ultracapacitor market, and market forecasts through 2020.

Key questions addressed:

• What is the potential market for ultracapacitors in stop-start vehicles?
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of ultracapacitors relative to lithium ion batteries?
• Will ultracapacitors displace batteries in plug-in electric or hybrid electric vehicles?
• What is the potential market for ultracapacitors for use in wind turbine pitch control systems?
• What is the potential for ultracapacitors as storage devices in grid-scale ancillary services?

Who needs this report?

• Ultracapacitor technology companies
• Automotive OEMs
• Tier 1 suppliers
• Fleet managers
• Energy services companies
• Energy storage companies
• Government agencies
• Investor community

Table of Contents

1. Executive Summary

2. Market Issues

2.1 Earliest Capacitors

2.2 Modern Ultracapacitors

2.3 Current Ultracapacitors Market

2.3.1 Government Support

2.3.2 Global Ultracapacitor Market

2.3.3 Comparison With Batteries

2.3.3.1 Cycle Life

2.3.3.2 Power and Charging

2.3.3.3 Power Density

2.3.3.4 Energy Density

2.3.4 Ultracapacitor-Battery Hybrids

3. Ultracapacitor Applications

3.1 Stop-Start Vehicles

3.1.1 Transmissions

3.1.2 Current Stop-Start Market

3.1.3 Requirements

3.1.3.1 Power

3.1.3.2 Cost

3.1.4 Ultracapacitors in Stop-Start

3.1.4.1 Light-Duty Vehicles

3.1.4.2 Stop-Start Buses

3.1.5 Market Drivers

3.2 HEVs and PEVs

3.2.1 Ultracapacitor Benefits

3.2.2 Complementing Batteries

3.3 Hybrid and Battery Electric Buses

3.3.1 Market Drivers

3.4 Medium- and Heavy-Duty Trucks

3.5 Fuel Cell Vehicles

3.5.1 Ultracapacitor Benefits

3.5.2 Integrating Ultracapacitors Into FCVs

3.5.3 Market Drivers

3.5.4 Fuel Cell Buses

3.5.5 Market Drivers

4. Grid Applications

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Ultracapacitor Benefits

4.3 Competing Technologies

4.4 Market Drivers

4.4.1 Regulatory

4.4.2 Government Support

5. Wind And Other Applications

5.1 Wind Pitch Control Systems

5.1.1 Ultracapacitor Benefits

5.1.2 Current Use of Ultracapacitors

5.2 Solar

5.3 Other Applications

6. Key Industry Players

6.1 AFS Trinity

6.2 Aowei Technology Development Company

6.3 batScap

6.4 Continental Corporation

6.5 East Penn Manufacturing

6.6 EEStor

6.7 FastCAP SYSTEMS

6.8 Graphene Energy

6.9 Ioxus Corporation

6.10 LS Mtron

6.11 Maxwell Technologies

6.12 Nesscap

6.13 Nippon Chemi-Con

6.14 Primearth EV Energy

6.15 Proterra

6.16 Sinautec Automobile

6.17 Tavrima Canada

6.18 Taiyo Yuden

6.19 Toyota Motor Company

6.20 U.S. Electronics

6.21 Viridity Energy

6.22 ZENN Motor Cars

7. Market Forecasts

7.1 Stop-Start Vehicles

7.2 Hybrid and Electric Buses

7.3 Fuel Cell Vehicles

7.4 Grid Applications

8. Company Directory

9. Acronym and Abbreviation List

10. Table of Contents

11. Table of Charts and Figures

12. Scope of Study, Sources and Methodology, Notes

List of Charts and Figures

• Annual Sales of Stop-Start Vehicles, World Markets: 2011-2015
• Ultracapacitor Revenue, Transportation and Energy Services, World Markets: 2011-2016
• Ultracapacitors Revenue from Stop-Start Vehicles by Region, World Markets: 2011-2020
• Hybrid and Fuel Cell Bus Sales by Region, World Markets: 2011-2016
• Annual Sales of FCVs with Ultracapacitors, World Markets: 2015-2020
• Ultracapacitors Ancillary Services Revenue, World Markets: 2013-2020
• Ultracapacitor Electrode Diagram
• Ultracapacitor Cell Diagram
• Ultrabattery Hybrid Ultracapacitor and Battery Diagram
• Ultracapacitor-Battery Hybrid Drive Train
• Wind Turbine Pitch Control System

List of Tables

• Applicability of Ultracapacitors for Leading Segments
• Characteristics of Energy Storage Technologies
• Annual Stop-Start Light-Duty Vehicle Sales by Region, World Markets: 2011-2020
• Annual Stop-Start Light-Duty Vehicles with Ultracapacitors Sales by Region, World Markets: 2011-2020
• Annual Growth in Stop-Start Light-Duty Vehicles With Ultracapacitors Sales by Region, World Markets: 2010-2020
• Annual Ultracapacitors Revenue for Stop-Start Vehicles by Region, World Markets: 2011-2020
• Hybrid and Fuel Cell Bus Deliveries by Region, World Markets: 2011-2016
• Hybrid and Fuel Cell Transit Buses with Ultracapacitors by Region, World Markets: 2011-2016
• Annual FCV (Light-Duty Car and Truck) Sales by Region, World Markets: 2013-2020
• Annual FCV with Ultracapacitor Sales by Region, World Markets: 2013-2020
• Energy Storage for Ancillary Services Installed Capacity by Region, World Markets: 2011-2020
• Ancillary Services Installed System Revenue by Region, World Markets: 2011-2019
• Ultracapacitor Ancillary Services Revenue by Region, World Markets: 2013-2020
• Total Global Ultracapacitor Revenue, Transportation and Energy Services: 2011-2016
• Total Wind Turbines Deployed by Region, World Markets: 2011-2015